Border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia: Strong tensions flare up again

Border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia: Strong tensions flare up again

The tensions between Thailand and Cambodia never end. An exchange of fire took place on the disputed border on Wednesday, which is likely to further strain the already tense relationship between the two countries. Just two days ago, a Thai soldier lost a foot in a landmine incident, while Thailand accuses Cambodia of secretly installing new landmines. However, Cambodia firmly denies these allegations DW.com reported.

In July 2025 there was already heavy fighting in which more than 40 people died and 300,000 civilians had to flee. Both sides used heavy artillery in these clashes, making the conflict one of the bloodiest in recent years. The current incidents only cast a shadow over the peace that both countries only signed in Malaysia on October 26, 2025. This agreement, which came about under the mediation of US President Donald Trump, provided, among other things, for the withdrawal of heavy weapons and joint demining.

The role of global powers

The global community is watching the situation with concern as the conflict affects not only the region but also international relations. The Trump administration has already threatened economic consequences, announcing tariffs of up to 36% on imports from Thailand and Cambodia starting in August 2025, as The press reported. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has sought to maintain a dialogue between the two countries.

China, on the other hand, as Cambodia's traditional ally, is calling for de-escalation. However, it does not enter the conflict as a mediator. Its proximity to Cambodia gives it a stronger negotiating position. Malaysia's Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim is trying to find a diplomatic solution within the framework of ASEAN, which is acting as a mediator.

Original disputes and outlook

The border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia is based on historical roots that go back to colonial times. The disputed border stretches over 800 kilometers and involves both countries laying claim to the temple regions, particularly the Preah Vihear Temple. An International Court of Justice ruling in 1962 ruled that the temple was within Cambodian territory, leading to renewed tensions in 2008 and 2011. Critics of the peace deal denounce media that it does not address fundamental issues of the border dispute and call for an independent mechanism for sustainable peace.

The coming weeks will be crucial; It remains to be seen whether the political leadership of both countries will succeed in calling for de-escalation. The international community, particularly through the efforts of ASEAN and other global actors, is demonstrating that this conflict not only affects Thailand and Cambodia but also has far-reaching geopolitical implications. DCTransparency identifies the danger of a long-term geopolitical divide between the two nations and emphasizes the importance of multilateral approaches to conflict resolution.